• Duncan, I.J.H., 2004. Welfare problems of poultry. In: The Well-Being of Farm Animals: Challenges and Solutions (Eds G.J. Benson and B.E. Rollin), pp. 307-323. Blackwell Publishing, Ames, Iowa.
• Duncan, I.J.H., 2004. A concept of welfare based on feelings. In: The Well-Being of Farm Animals: Challenges and Solutions (Eds G.J. Benson and B.E. Rollin), pp. 85-101. Blackwell Publishing, Ames, Iowa.
• Millman, S.T. and Duncan, I.J.H., 2001. Social cognition of farm animals. In: Social Behaviour in Farm Animals (Eds L.J. Keeling and H.W. Gonyou), pp. 373-399. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, Oxon.
• Duncan, I.J.H., 1999. The domestic fowl. In: The UFAW Handbook on the Care and Management of Laboratory Animals (7th edit.) (Ed. T. Poole) pp. 677-696. Blackwell Science, Oxford.
• Duncan, I.J.H. and Fraser, D., 1998. Understanding animal welfare. In: Animal Welfare (Eds M.C. Appleby and B.O. Hughes), pp. 19-31. CAB International, Wallingford, Oxon.
• Duncan, I.J.H., 1998. Feelings of animals. In: Encyclopedia of Animal Rights and Animal Welfare (Ed. M. Bekoff), pp. 172-173. Greenwood Press, Westport, Connecticut.

Publications in Refereed Journals

• Duncan, I.J.H., 2005. It’s a dog’s life. New Scientist, 186: No 2502: 45-46.
• Duncan, I.J.H., 2005. Science-based assessment of animal welfare: farm animals. Revue scientifique et technique, Office international des Epizooties, 24:483-492.
• Yue, S., Moccia, R.D. and Duncan, I.J.H., 2004. Investigating fear in domestic rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, using an avoidence learning task. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 87: 343-354.
• Millman, S.T., Duncan, I.J.H., Stauffacher, M and Stookey, J.M., 2004. The impact of applied ethologists and the International Society for Applied Ethology in improving animal welfare. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 86: 299-311.
• Chandroo, K.P., Duncan, I.J.H. and Moccia, R.D., 2004. Can fish suffer?  Perspectives on sentience, pain, fear and stress. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 86: 225-250.
• Yue, S. and Duncan, I.J.H., 2003. Frustrated nesting behaviour: relation to extra-cuticular shell calcium and bone strength in White Leghorn hens. British Poultry Science, 44: 171-177.
• Sherwin, C.M., Christiansen, S.B., Duncan, I.J.H., Erhard, H.W., Lay, D.C., Mench, J.A., O’Connor, C.E. and Petherick, J.C., 2003. Guidelines for the ethical use of animals in applied ethology studies. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 81: 291-305.
• Olsson, I.A.S., Duncan, I.J.H., Keeling, L.J. and Widowski, T.M., 2002. How important is social facilitation for dustbathing in laying hens? Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 79: 285-297.
• Olsson, I.A.S., Keeling, L.J. and Duncan, I.J.H., 2002. Why do hens sham dustbathe when they have litter? Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 76: 53-64.
• Tom, E.M., Rushen, J., Duncan, I.J.H. and de Passillé, A.M., 2002. Behavioural, health and cortisol responses of young calves to tail docking using a rubber ring or docking iron. Canadian Journal of Animal Science, 82: 1-9.
• Tom, E.M., Duncan, I.J.H., Widowski, T.M., Bateman, K.G. and Leslie, K.E., 2002. Effects of tail docking using a rubber ring with or without anesthetic on behavior and production of lactating cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 85: 2257-2265.
• Duncan, I.J.H., 2002. Gordon Memorial Lecture. Poultry welfare: science or subjectivity? British Poultry Science, 43: 643-652.
• Duncan, I.J.H., 2002. Battery cages: perception and reality. World’s Poultry Science Journal, 58: 388-391.
• Gardner, J.M., Duncan, I.J.H. and Widowski, T.M., 2001. Effects of social “stressors” on belly-nosing behaviour in early-weaned piglets: is belly-nosing an indicator of stress? Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 74: 135-152.
• Duncan, I.J.H., 2001. Animal welfare issues in the poultry industry: Is there a lesson to be learned? Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science, 4: 207-221.
• Duncan, I.J.H., 2001. The pros and cons of cages. World’s Poultry Science Journal, 57: 381-390.
• Millman, S.T. and Duncan, I.J.H., 2000. Effect of male-to-male aggressiveness and feed-restriction during rearing on sexual behaviour and aggressiveness towards females by male domestic fowl. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 70: 63-82.
• Millman, S.T. and Duncan, I.J.H., 2000. Do female broiler breeder fowl display a preference for broiler breeder or laying strain males in a Y-maze test? Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 69: 275-290.
• Widowski, T.M. and Duncan, I.J.H., 2000. Working for a dustbath: are hens increasing pleasure rather than reducing suffering? Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 68: 39-53.
• Millman, S.T. and Duncan, I.J.H., 2000. Strain differences in aggressiveness of male domestic fowl in response to a male model. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 66: 217-233.
• Duncan, I.J.H. and Mench, J.A., 2000. Does hunger hurt? Poultry Science, 79: 934.
• Millman, S.T., Duncan, I.J.H. and Widowski, T.M., 2000. Male broiler breeder fowl display high levels of aggression toward females. Poultry Science, 79: 1233-1241.
• Worobec, E.K., Duncan, I.J.H. and Widowski, T.M., 1999. The effects of weaning at 7, 14 and 28 days on piglet behaviour. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 62: 173-182.
• Widowski, T.M., Lo Fo Wong, D.M.A. and Duncan, I.J.H., 1998. Rearing with males accelerates onset of sexual maturity in female domestic fowl. Poultry Science, 77: 150-155.
• Duncan, I.J.H., Widowski, T.M., Malleau, A.E., Lindberg, A.C. and Petherick, J.C., 1998. External factors and causation of dustbathing in domestic hens. Behavioural Processes, 43: 219-228.
• Haley, D.B., Rushen, J., Duncan, I.J.H., Widowski, T.M. and de Passillé, A.M., 1998. Effects of resistance to milk flow and the provision of hay on nonnutritive sucking by dairy calves. Journal of Dairy Science, 81: 2165-2172.
• Duncan, I.J.H., 1998. Thirty years of progress in animal welfare science. Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science, 1: 151-154.
• Fraser, D. and Duncan, I.J.H., 1998. “Pleasures”, “pains” and animal welfare: Toward a natural history of affect. Animal Welfare, 7: 383-396.
• Elfadil, A.D., Vaillancourt, J.-P. and Duncan, I.J.H., 1998. Comparative study of body characteristics of different strains of broiler chickens. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 7: 268-272.
• Špinka, M., Duncan, I.J.H. and Widowski, T.M., 1998. Do domestic pigs prefer short-term to medium-term confinement? Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 58: 221-232.
• Haley, D.B., Rushen, J., Duncan, I.J.H., Widowski, T.M. and de Passillé, A.M., 1998. Butting by calves, Bos taurus, and rate of milk flow. Animal Behaviour, 56: 1545-1551.
• Mench, J.A. and Duncan, I.J.H., 1998. Poultry welfare in North America: Opportunities and challenges.  Poultry Science, 77: 1763-1765.
• Duncan, I.J.H., 1998. Behavior and behavioral needs. Poultry Science, 77: 1766-1772.

Publications in Refereed Proceedings

Papers Read at Conferences and Meetings

• Duncan, I.J.H., 2005. History of the animal welfare movement. Meeting organized by the Ontario Association of Poultry Practitioners. Guelph, Ontario, 26 October 2005. (Invited)
• Duncan, I.J.H., 2005. Animal sentience.  Seminar series organized by Dr. Georgia Mason.  Department of Animal and Poultry Science University of Guelph, 28 September 2005. (Invited)
• Duncan, I.J.H., 2005. A scientist’s approach to poultry welfare.  Meeting organised by the Ivey Business School, University of Western Ontario to debate the PETA vs KFC conflict.  University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, 30 March 2005. (Invited)
• Duncan, I.J.H., 2005. The changing concept of animal sentience. International Conference “From Darwin to Dawkins: the science and implications of animal sentience”.  London, U.K., 17-18 March 2005. (Invited)
• Svab, D.G., Duncan, I.J.H. and Squires, E.J., 2004. Aggressive and sexual behaviour in group-housed boars and barrows: What can be done about it?  Proceedings of the International Society for Applied Ethology North American Regional Meeting. Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 18-19 June 2004, p. 34.
• Yue, S., Duncan, I.J.H. and Moccia, R.D., 2004. The effects on domestic rainbow trout of being grouped with conspecifics of different body sizes.  Proceedings of the International Society for Applied Ethology North American Regional Meeting. Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 18-19 June 2004, p. 32.
• Duncan, I.J.H., 2004. Starve-out in turkey poults: There’s more to life than feeding. Proceedings of the 40th Eastern Nutrition Conference. Ottawa, Ontario, 11-12 May 2004, p. 71-83. (Invited)
• Duncan, I.J.H., 2004. Poultry welfare: What should we be breeding for? 53rd Annual National Poultry Breeders’ Round Table. St Louis, Missouri, 6-7 May 2004. (Proceedings being published). (Invited)
• Duncan, I.J.H., 2004. Recognising and understanding bird welfare.  2004 Poultry Care and Handling Workshop organised by the U.S. Poultry & Egg Association. Atlanta, Georgia, 28-29 April 2004. (Invited)
• Duncan, I.J.H., 2004. Poultry welfare: A scientist’s approach.  Meeting organised by the Ivey Business School, University of Western Ontario to debate the PETA vs KFC conflict.  University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, 26 March 2004. (Invited)
• Duncan, I.J.H., 2004. Pain, fear and distress.  Proceedings of the Global Conference on Animal Welfare: an OIE  initiative. Paris, France, 23-26 February 2004, p. 163-178. (Invited)
• Duncan, I.J.H., 2004. Distress or suffering: what should be measured to determine animal well-being? Conference on Animal Distress organized by the Humane Society of the United States, Baltimore, 11-13 February 2004. (Invited)
• Duncan, I.J.H., 2004. Animal welfare: what every vet should know. Key-note address at the Annual Conference of the Canadian Veterinary Students Association, University of Guelph, 22-24 January 2004. (Invited)
• Duncan, I.J.H., 2003. Animal welfare: What do the animals feel? Conference on Animal Care, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, 6-7 May 2003. (Invited)
• Duncan, I.J.H., 2003. Animal welfare: The question is ‘Do they suffer?’ Conference organized by the Dutch Research Council, Utrecht, The Netherlands, 10-11 April 2003. (Invited)
• Duncan, I.J.H., 2003. Hen welfare: What’s happening elsewhere in the world?  Egg Producer Meeting, Winnipeg, Manitoba, 30 January 2003. (Invited)
• Duncan, I.J.H., 2003. The science behind animal welfare.  Egg Producer Meeting, Winnipeg, Manitoba, 30 January 2003. (Invited)
• Duncan, I.J.H., 2003. New developments in cages.  Egg Producer Meeting, Winnipeg, Manitoba, 30 January 2003. (Invited)
• Duncan, I.J.H., 2002. Hen welfare: What’s happening elsewhere?  Ontario Poultry Health Meeting, Kitchener, Ontario, 12 November 2002. (Invited)
• Sheppard, K., Duncan, I.J.H. and Widowski, T.M., 2002. Effects of light type and level of illumination on nest site selection in broiler breeder fowl: Do hens prefer dark nests? Proceedings of the North American Regional Meeting of the International Society for Applied Ethology, Quebec City, Quebec, 27 July 2002. 
• Duncan, I.J.H., 2001. Animal welfare science. Paper given at Meeting to honour Professor Henrik Simonsen on his retirement. Copenhagen, Denmark, 31 October 2001 (Invited).
• Duncan, I.J.H., 2001. Poultry welfare: Science or subjectivity. Combined Conference of the British Society for Animal Production, the UK Branch of the World’s Poultry Science Association and the UK Branch of the International Society for Applied Ethology, York, England, 9-11 April 2001 (Invited).
• Duncan, I.J.H., 2001. Can we understand and use feelings of animals as a concept of animal welfare? Proceedings of a Conference organized by the European Union “Food Chain 2001” Uppsala, Sweden, 14-16 March 2001, pp. 131-134. (Invited).
• Widowski, T.M., Gardner, J.M., de Lange, C.F.M. and Duncan, I.J.H., 2000. Investigations into the causation of belly-nosing in early-weaned piglets. Proceedings of the North American Regional Meeting of the International Society for Applied Ethology, Guelph, Ontario, 11 June 2000.
• Duncan, I.J.H., 2000. Animal breeding and animal welfare. Proceedings of Farm Animal Welfare: Challenge 2000 organised by the Canadian Expert Committee on Farm Animal Welfare and Behaviour, Guelph, Ontario, 10 June 2000, p. 7-14. (Invited)
• Duncan, I.J.H., 2000.  Definition of terms: Animal welfare and states of suffering and pleasure. Conference on Pain, Distress and Stress in Research Animals: Current Standards and IACUC Responsibility organised by the Scientists’ Center for Animal Welfare, Baltimore, Maryland, 18-19 May 2000. (Invited)
• Duncan, I.J.H., 2000. Review and concluding remarks. Conference on Animal Consciousness, Animal Cognition and Animal Welfare organised by the Universities Federation for Animal Welfare, held at the Zoological Society Meeting Room, London, 11-12 May 2000. (Invited)
• Olsson, I.A., Duncan, I.J.H., Keeling, L.J. and Widowski. T.M., 2000. Dustbathing motivation – physical stimuli more important than social? Proceedings of the Nordic Regional Meeting of the International Society for Applied Ethology, Oslo, Norway, May 2000.
• Duncan, I.J.H., 2000. Animal welfare: A scientific approach. Proceedings of the 22nd Annual Ontario Association of Veterinary Technicians Conference, pp. 146-150. London, Ontario, 27-29 January 2000. (Invited)
• Duncan, I.J.H., 1999. Animal welfare issues in the poultry industry: Is there a lesson to be learned? Paper given at a meeting Food Animal Husbandry and the New Millenium: Ethical, Environmental, and Societal Impacts, organised by The Center for the Interactions of Animals and Society, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 5 November 1999. (Invited)
• Duncan, I.J.H., 1999. Farm animal welfare: Fact or fantasy, science or subjectivity?  Lecture in the series Into the 21st Century: A Dynamic Future for Agriculture, organised by the Philadelphia Society for Promoting Agriculture, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 4 November 2000. (Invited)
• Duncan, I.J.H., 1999. Facing animal welfare and the new realities of how we will house and manage laying hens. Fall Egg Producer Meeting, Morris, Manitoba, 6 October 1999. (Invited)
• Rau, J.A. and Duncan, I.J.H., 1999. Effect of trough-anchored blind teats on food intake, water use and growth of piglets weaned at 14 days, fed a liquid or pelleted diet.  Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Canadian Society of Animal Science, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, 7-11 August 1999. Canadian Journal of Animal Science, 78: 585-586 (Abstr).
• Moffat, L.A. and Duncan, I.J.H., 1999. Effects of food and substrate deprivation on foraging behaviour in laying hens. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Canadian Society of Animal Science, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, 7-11 August 1999. Canadian Journal of Animal Science, 78: 586 (Abstr).
• Duncan, I.J.H., 1999. Poultry welfare: Some crystal ball gazing.  Keynote address at the Saskatchewan Poultry Industry Conference, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, 4-5 March 2000. (Invited)
• Duncan, I.J.H., 1999. Rest for young chicks: The forgotten requirement. Paper given at the Saskatchewan Poultry Industry Conference, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, 4-5 March 2000. (Invited)
• Mench, J.A. and Duncan, I.J.H., 1998. Poultry welfare in North America: Opportunities and challenges. In: First North American Symposium on Poultry Welfare (Eds I.J.H. Duncan and J.A. Mench). Poultry Science, 77: 1763-1765.
• Duncan, I.J.H. and Widowski, T.M., 1998. Fluorescent light and hen welfare. In: First North American Symposium on Poultry Welfare (Eds I.J.H. Duncan and J.A. Mench). Poultry Science, 77: 1842.
• Karrow, J., Widowski, T.M. and Duncan, I.J.H., 1998. Starve-out syndrome in turkey poults:  Effects of a 48 hour delay in the hatcher on growth, physiology and behavior. In: First North American Symposium on Poultry Welfare (Eds I.J.H. Duncan and J.A. Mench). Poultry Science, 77: 1842-1843.
• Bagshaw, C.S., Duncan, I.H.H. and Matthews, L.R., 1998. Manipulating cattle behaviour to protect stream environments. In: Proceedings of the 32nd International Congress of the International Society for Applied Ethology, (Eds I. Veissier and A. Boissy), Clermont-Ferrand, France.
• Bagshaw, C.S., Duncan, I.H.H. and Matthews, L.R., 1998. Trough placement reduces cattle activity in the riparian zone in the autumn and winter. In: Hill-country Stream Management:  Proceedings of a Workshop (Eds J.W. Quinn and B.S. Thorrold) pp. 22-23. Ruakura Research Centre, Hamilton, New Zealand.
• Widowski, T.M. and Duncan, I.J.H., 1998. Measuring hens’ motivation to dust-bathe using an obstruction test. Proceedings of the International Society for Applied Ethology North American Regional Meeting, East Lansing, Michigan, 26-27 June 1998.
• Millman, S.T. and Duncan, I.J.H., 1998. Responses of male domestic fowl to a conspecific male model. Proceedings of the International Society for Applied Ethology North American Regional Meeting, East Lansing, Michigan, 26-27 June 1998.
• Rau, J.A., Worobec, E.K. and Duncan, I.J.H., 1998. Effect of early segregated weaning (SEW) on sow behaviour. Proceedings of the International Society for Applied Ethology North American Regional Meeting, East Lansing, Michigan, 26-27 June 1998.
• Worobec, E.K., Duncan, I.J.H. and Widowski, T.M., 1998. The behaviour and performance of piglets weaned at three ages. Annual Meeting of the American Society of Animal Science, Journal of Animal Science, 76, Suppl. 1: 100.