Classification of the Phylum Ciliophora proposed by de Puytorac (1994)

For the most recent, published revision by de Puytorac see:
  • Puytorac P de (1994): Phylum Ciliophora Doflein, 1901. In: P. de Puytorac, ed., Traité de Zoologie, Tome II, Infusoires Ciliés, Fasc. 2, Systématique. Masson, Paris. p. 1-15.



    • Phylum CILIOPHORA Doflein, 1901
      Subphylum TUBULICORTICATA de Puytorac et al., 1993

        Superclass POSTCILIODESMATOPHORA Gerassimova & Seravin, 1976
          Class KARYORELICTEA Corliss, 1974
            Subclass Trachelocercia Jankowski, 1980
              Order Trachelocercida Kent, 1881

            Subclass Loxodia Jankowski, 1980
              Order Loxodida Jankowski in Small & Lynn, 1985

            Subclass Protocruziidia Jankowski in Small & Lynn, 1985
              Order Protocruziida Jankowski in Small & Lynn, 1985

            Subclass Protoheterotrichia Nouzarède, 1977
              Order Protoheterotrichida Nouzarède, 1977

          Class HETEROTRICHEA Stein, 1859
            Subclass Heterotrichia Stein, 1859
              Order Heterotrichida Stein, 1859
              Order Coliphorida Jankowski, 1967
              Order Armophorida Jankowksi, 1964
              Order Phacodiniida Small & Lynn, 1985
              Order Odontostomatida Sawaya, 1940
              Order Licnophorida Corliss, 1957

            Subclass Clevelandellidia de Puytorac & Grain, 1976
              Order Clevelandellida de Puytorac & Grain, 1976

        Superclass SPIROTRICHA Bütschli, 1889
          Class HYPOTRICHEA Stein, 1859
            Subclass Euplotia Tuffrau & Fleury in de Puytorac et al., 1993
              Order Kiitrichida Nozawa, 1941
              Order Euplotida Small & Lynn, 1985
              Order Uronychiida Tuffrau & Fleury in de Puytorac et al., 1993
              Order Gastrocirrhida Tuffrau & Fleury in de Puytorac et al., 1993

            Subclass Oxytrichia Tuffrau & Fleury in de Puytorac et al., 1993
              Order Urostylida Jankowski, 1979
              Order Discocephalida Wicklow, 1982
              Order Oxytrichida Jankowski, 1979

          Class OLIGOTRICHEA Bütschli, 1887
            Subclass Oligotrichia Bütschli, 1887
              Order Oligotrichida Bütschli, 1887

            Subclass Strobilia Laval-Peuto, Grain & Deroux in de Puytorac et al., 1993
              Order Choreotrichida Small & Lynn, 1985
              Order Tintinnida Kofoid & Campbell, 1929

        Superclass TRANSVERSALA de Puytorac et al., 1993
          Class COLPODEA Small & Lynn, 1981
            Subclass Colpodia Foissner, 1985
              Order Colpodida de Puytorac et al., 1974
              Order Grossglockneriida Foissner, 1985
              Order Bursariomorphida Fernández-Galiano, 1978
              Order Cyrtolophosidida Foissner, 1978
              Order Sorogenida Foissner, 1985
              Order Bryophryida de Puytorac et al., 1979

            Subclass Bryometopia Foissner, 1985
              Order Bryometopida Foissner, 1985

          Class PLAGIOPYLEA Small & Lynn, 1985
              Order Plagiopylida Small & Lynn, 1985
      Subphylum FILICORTICATA de Puytorac et al., 1993

          Class LITOSTOMATEA Small & Lynn, 1981
              Order Haptorida Corliss, 1974
              Order Spathidiida Foissner & Foissner, 1988
              Order Helicoprorodontida Grain in de Puytorac et al., 1993
              Order Pleurostomatida Schewiakoff, 1896
              Order Mesodiniida Grain in de Puytorac et al., 1993

          Class VESTIBULIFEREA de Puytorac et al., 1974
              Order Trichostomatida Bütschli, 1889
              Order Entodiniomorphida Reichenow in Doflein & Reichenow, 1929
              Order Blepharocorythida Wolska, 1971
      Subphylum EPIPLASMATA de Puytorac et al., 1993

        Superclass CILIOSTOMATOPHORA de Puytorac et al., 1993
          Class PHYLLOPHARYNGEA de Puytorac et al., 1974
            Subclass Cyrtophoria Fauré-Fremiet in Corliss, 1956
              Order Chilodonellida Deroux in de Puytorac et al., 1993
              Order Chlamydodontida Deroux in de Puytorac et al., 1993
              Order Dysteriida Deroux in de Puytorac et al., 1993

            Subclass Chonotrichia Wallengren, 1895
              Order Chilodochonida Batisse in de Puytorac et al., 1993
              Order Exogemmida Jankowski, 1972
              Order Cryptogemmida Jankowski, 1975

            Subclass Rhynchodia Chatton & Lwoff, 1939
              Order Hypocomatida Deroux, 1976
              Order Rhynchodida Chatton & Lwoff, 1939

            Subclass Suctoria Claparède & Lachmann, 1858
              Order Podophryida Jankowski, 1973
              Order Exotropida Batisse in de Puytorac et al., 1993
              Order Entotropida Batisse in de Puytorac et al., 1993

        Superclass MEMBRANELLOPHORA Jankowski, 1975
          Class NASSOPHOREA Small & Lynn, 1981
            Subclass Prostomatia Schewiakoff, 1896
              Order Prostomatida Schewiakoff, 1896
              Order Prorodontida Corliss, 1974

            Subclass Nassulia Jankowski, 1967
              Order Nassulopsida Deroux in de Puytorac et al., 1993
              Order Synhymeniida Deroux, 1978
              Order Nassulida Jankowski, 1967
              Order Paranassulida Deroux in de Puytorac et al., 1993
              Order Parahymenostomatida Grain et al., 1976
              Order Microthoracida Jankowski, 1967

          Class OLIGOHYMENOPHOREA de Puytorac et al., 1974
            Subclass Peniculia Fauré-Fremiet in Corliss, 1956
              Order Peniculida Fauré-Fremiet in Corliss, 1956
              Order Urocentrida de Puytorac et al., 1987

            Subclass Scuticociliatia Small, 1967
              Order Philasterida Small, 1967
              Order Pleuronematida Fauré-Fremiet in Corliss, 1956

            Subclass Peritrichia Stein, 1859
              Order Sessilida Kahl, 1933
              Order Mobilida Kahl, 1933

            Subclass Hysterocinetia Diesing, 1866
              Order Hysterocinetida Diesing, 1866

            Subclass Astomatia Schewiakoff, 1896
              Order Hoplitophryida Cheissin, 1930
              Order Anoplophryida Cépède, 1910

            Subclass Hymenostomatia Delage & Hérouard, 1896
              Order Tetrahymenida Fauré-Fremiet in Corliss, 1956
              Order Ophryoglenida Canella, 1964

            Subclass Apostomatia Chatton & Lwoff, 1928
              Order Apostomatida Chatton & Lwoff, 1928
              Order Astomatophorida Jankowski, 1966
              Order Pilisuctorida Jankowski, 1966