The principles and practises of the study and analysis of birth defects in individuals and populations will be examined through lectures, lab projects and seminars.

This multidisciplinary course examines medically significant aspects of mammalian reproduction in detail. The basic medical disciplines will provide the basis for the analysis of key reproductive processes which will be presented in the context of modern techniques of reproductive manipulation and the ethical problems they pose.This is a two-semester course. When you select it you will be assigned to 98-4041 in the Fall semester and 98-4042 in the Winter semester. A grade will not be assigned to 98-4041 until 98-4042 has been completed.

Independent theoretical and/or practical research of a current topic in any of the biomedical sciences (anatomy, physiology, pharmacology, toxicology, genetics, biochemistry). Approval of the departmental course coordinator is required before course selection.

Independent research of a current topic in any of the biomedical sciences (anatomy, physiology, pharmacology, toxicology, genetics, biochemistry). Approval of the departmental course coordinator is required. This is a double-weighted course. When you select it, you must list both 98-4511 and 98-4512 in the same semester.

Independent research of a current topic in any of the biomedical sciences (anatomy, physiology, pharmacology, toxicology, genetics, biochemistry). Approval of the departmental course coordinator is required. This is a two-semester course. When you select it you will be assigned to 98-4521 in the first semester and 98-4522 in the second semester. A grade will not be assigned in 98-4521 until 98-4522 has been completed.